Researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China have developed an innovative battery for operation on Mars . By taking advantage of carbon dioxide in the Martian atmosphere, this battery significantly reduces its weight, making it ideal for space missions. In addition, it is rechargeable using solar energy collected on the Martian surface.
A battery for Mars with 1,375 hours of useful life
At a temperature of 0°C, the battery reaches an energy density of 373.9 Wh/kg and a lifetime of 1,375 hours (two Martian months). The charging process involves the formation and decomposition of lithium carbonate , accelerated by traces of oxygen and carbon monoxide present on Mars.
The team of scientists also designed a folded cell system and integrated electrodes that maximize the reaction area with the Martian atmosphere, allowing for higher energy density of 765 Wh/kg and 630 Wh/l in 4 cm² cells . This advance optimizes power generation under extreme conditions and paves the way for the development of solid-state batteries for future missions, addressing challenges such as low-pressure electrolyte volatility and thermal and barometric management challenges on Mars.
The long-term goal is to create complementary multi-energy systems, essential for long-term space exploration , enabling more efficient and sustainable missions on the Red Planet.
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Source and photos: ScienceDirect